Scientists have developed a new fiber-pulling technique for integrating semiconductors into fibers
In a groundbreaking development fiber, a team of researchers based in Singapore, led by Nanyang Technological University post-doctoral researcher Zhixun Wang, has achieved significant progress in the production of microscopic semiconductor components. These components, when integrated into a fiber-pulling machine, result in continuous, high-performance flexible fibers capable of perception, communication, and interaction. This innovation opens new possibilities for wearable technology, especially in the realm of smart fabrics.
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The research team discovered that stresses form on woven semiconductors during both the solidification of the core and the subsequent cooling phase. These stresses arise from variations in melting points and thermal expansion rates of the chosen materials.
By meticulously selecting materials, the researchers addressed these challenges. Silicon cores, for instance, demonstrated optimal performance when clad in ultra-tough silica glass, while germanium cores paired well with aluminosilicate glass cladding.
The researchers developed a novel method of encasing semiconductor materials in fibers. This process involves placing the materials into a glass tube, heating them until pliable, and drawing them into a thin thread. After the glass is removed, the wire is inserted into a polymer tube alongside metal wires.
Through another round of heating, the material is stretched into a thread that can extend hundreds of meters. Notably, these semiconductor fibers are capable of detecting and analyzing signals.
To showcase the practical applications of this technology, the research team created a functional beanie cap designed to assist the visually impaired. The beanie incorporates an interface board, and signals received from the beanie can be processed by a mobile phone application.
This real-world implementation highlights the potential of semiconductor fibers in creating innovative solutions for diverse user needs.
According to the researchers, this breakthrough can pave the way for the creation of optoelectronic fibers, fabrics, and functional apparel. Semiconductors, as the critical components governing device performance, open avenues for unprecedented sensing, actuation, energy conversion, and computing capabilities in functional fibers.
The research signals a promising path toward the integration of high-performance semiconductor fibers into everyday wearables, transforming the landscape of wearable technology.
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